Internal-combustion engine.



H. S. VROOMAN.

INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 2, I914.

Patented J an. 30, 1917.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 2. I9I4.

Patented Jan. 30, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- nu: Noam: Pzrzns 0. Pnoro-umn, WASHINGTON. o c.

H. S. VROOMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2. 1914.

1,214,097. Patented Jan. 30, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- the accompanying @FFIQE.

HARRY S. VBOOIVIAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. 5

Patented Jan. 319, 1917.

Application filed February 2, 1914. Serial No. 815,996.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY S. VRooMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part "of this specification.

My inventionrelates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to what are ordinarily known as four cycle engines.

My invention is designed to produce an improved engine of this character in which hollow sliding valves may be used to control the influx and eiiiux of fluid to and from the cylinder or combustion chamber.

I find that in order to produce a noiseless engine which however still has the advantages of having its valves operated with the same degree of simplicity enjoyed by the puppet valves, that if I use sliding hollow valves I have accomplished this object. I find further that in order to obtain the greatest amount of horse power efliciency from an engine of a given size, that it is necessary that this engine which always runs at very high speed be permitted to re ceive the explosive charge and discharge the products of combustion in a most rapid manner, and this of course can only be done by the use of a very large port area. This is a second important advantage that I obtain through the use of my improved sliding hollow valves.

I am aware that rotatable hollow valves have been used, but these rotating Valves can provide neither the large port area obtainable by my improved sliding valves, nor can they be operated with the same degree of necessary simplicity resulting from the use of puppet valves. By virtue of the use of my improved hollow sliding valves I am also enabled to use a combustion chamber having a hemi-spherical or substantially hemi-spherical, design. And am also enable to use a smaller engine and develop a high or higher horse-power than is obtained by a larger engine with puppet valves, as I am able to get a larger charge of fluid.

I will explain one form which my invention may take more in detail by referring to drawings in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a single cylinder engine constructed in accord ance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional V ew on line aa of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line Z b of Fig. 1; Fig. i is a frag1nentary view showing the piston beginning the compression stroke; Fig. 5 is a similar view to that of Fig. 4 showing the position on its exhaust stroke, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of my improved valves, portions being broken away more clearly to reveal features of construction.

My improved engine may be of the multicylinder type, but is here shown as single cylinder, and has a combustion chamber 1 formed by the cylinder 2 and provided with ahemi-spherical head as clearly apparent from Figs. 1, 4 and 5. -A piston 3 is de signed to oscillate within the cylinder to drive the crank 4: throughv the interposition of the usual connecting rod 5. An ordinary spark plug 6 may be employed within the dome shaped extremity of the cylinder. I provide two valve cylinders 7 and 8 respectively within which my improved tubular valves 9 and 10 are adapted to oscillate. These valves are here shown as being driven by the connecting rods 11 and 12 from cam shafts through the interposition of the chain 13 and sprocket wheels 14: and 15. This showing of the chain and sprocket wheels of course is merely to indicate that the valves are driven'from the engine. shaft, my preferred form of the invention in all probability contemplating the use of valve driving mechanism similar to that now in use for driving the ordinary form of puppet valves. The valve cylinder 7 is provided with an inlet tube 16 and the valve cylinder 8 is provided with an exhaust tube 17.

My improved valves 9 and 10 are adapted to eiiect communication periodically respectively between the inlet tube 16 and the exhaust tube 18 and the combustion chamber. In order to. eifect this communication and to permit an extremely rapid flow of fluid to or from the combustion chamber, I provide inlet ports 18, 18 and exhaust ports 19, 19 within the cylinder walls. It will be seen that by the use of the sliding valves I may use two ports if I find that one is not suflicient to permit of the unobstructed rapid flow of fluid that may be desired. The valves 9 and 10 each are closed at their lower extremity as shown by the walls 20, 21 so that these valves eii'ect communication through their hollow interior between the inlets and exhaust tubes respectively and the combustion chamber. The valve 9 is provided with ports 22, 22 corresp nding to the ports 18, and the valve 10 is provided with ports 23, 23 to correspond with the ports 19. It will thus be readily seen that I am not-circumscribed in the size of the port area, which I find it necessary to employ. I do not mean to say that I necessarily require two ports for inlet or two ports i'or the exhaust, because through the use of my improved sliding valves I find that in a great many cases one port will answer, but I indicate the availability of my improved structure for a simple increase in port area a great deal larger than has hitherto been attainable with one valve, and l 'i-nay, for instance, use one inlet and two exhaust ports, or vice versa.

It "will be seen that the sliding valves of my invention may be noiseless in their operation and absolutely prevent the carbonizing effects found in puppet valves. They may be driven as simply and easily as puppet valves and with less power, and provide an extremely large port area. If two or more ports are used, it will be readily understood that these ports preferably come into use jointly and thus double the port area available with but one port. A suitable water jacket 24 may be employed as customary.

It will of course be noticed that the in take valve 8 has an opening at its side to correspond with the tube for leaving in the mixture, and that the valve 10 has an openingon its opposite sidetocoperate with the tube carrying away the exhaust.

Having thus described one form which my invention mayitake, I- do not mean thereby to "limit myself to such specific embodi- .desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

An internal combustion engine having a cylinder forming a combustion chamber,

two valve cylinders associated with said engine cylinder and running longitudinally thereof, a hollow valve closed at the top and bottom slidable in each of said valve cy lin jders, saidengine cylinder having a plurality of ports adapted for association with each valve, oneset of ports being exhaust ports, and the other set being inlet ports, corresponding ports being substantially in the same plane transversely to said cylinder, and said ports being'located' close to the head end of said cylinder, each-of said valves havinga plurality of ports to coiiperate with the corresponding engine cylinder ports, and intake and exhaust tubes for said engine, said valves having openings in their sides to communicate respectively with said intake and exhaust tubes, the said openings and said valves being of such size so that they are 1n constant communication with said intake and exhaust tubes, said engine cylinder having a substantially spherical end wall threugh which said engine cylinder ports extend; i y

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 28th day ofJanu'ary, A. 19 14.

HARRY vnoonani Witnesses: I V

A. L. J ones, HAZEL ANN Joivns.

c sp'us ot this patent may be-obtaipe'd tqr "five cents each, "by addusilng the ,fio'mnilldoner =0! Iitcnti,

' 'wumns m- 

